Human Variation: The Filipino Nose Essay

One of the just about defining features of Filipinos which sets them apart from other races, if not currently the or so defining, is the avatar of their beak. Unlike the higher and narrower noses of Caucasians, full-blooded Filipinos bear what the locals would often colloquially look up to as the direct nose. There is a wide conformation in the types of nose conformations a person may acquire. Being a polygenic trait, genetics play a very big power how an individuals nose will turn out.One of the most defining features of Filipinos which sets them apart from other races, if not currently the most defining, is the shape of their nose. Unlike the higher and narrower noses of Caucasians, full-blooded Filipinos bear what the locals would often colloquially preserve to as the flat nose. There is a wide novelty in the types of nose shapes a person may acquire. Being a polygenic trait, genetics play a very big power how an individuals nose will turn out.Thousands of years of su stentation in Southeast Asia had kept our noses lower and wider to better adapt to the impatient and humid climates of a tropical country. (Raymond, 2011) That being the case, it is inevitable that the Filipinos nose will be shorter than those who had to live with the cold, unless they had a Caucasian conjure or ancestor who passed them down a different set of genes than their peers. To get the Caucasians fine nose is normally seen as a blessing in the Filipino society as it is believed to greatly resurrect ones beauty.Pango, sarat, dapalong (dapa ilong). These are only few of the derogatory wrong for a person who was deemed unfortunate to have a small nose, whereas those graced with a higher nose are called artistahin. Influences of Western colonizers may possibly be how Filipinos came to think tall or high noses are more inviting or, conversely, that flatter noses are inferior. The colonizers had more than enough time to ingrain the vagary that they are the superior race.As ide from such conditioning, most people adjudicate what it is they do not have, and this does apply to the Filipinos desire for taller noses. Because of the negative view on flat noses, many had gone to cosmetic surgeons to finally achieve their in demand(p) nose shapes. People who had less money to spare alleviate their noses unsightliness through the use of cosmetics, particularly by applying nose lines which faeces give the illusion of a narrower nose. There are even those who rear their noses in hopes that it will grow higher.Ingenious and amusing as it is, this frame of behavior can be considered maladaptive. It is better to use ones resources in working with what we consider as a flaw rather of working to change it. If one cannot learn to love ones self for as simple thing as a flat nose, it would prove very difficult to love yourself when societys impractical standards keep depreciating your true value. References Raymond, Joan. The Shape of a Nose. Scientific America n 16 Aug. 2011 n. pag. 16 Aug. 2011. Web. 28 Jan. 2014. .

Greek Life Essay

classical Life Since the Kappa Alpha Society was founded in 1825 at Union College, all but three United States Presidents deliver been instalments of a fraternity. The Hellenic ashes now contains nine million members crosswise 123 chapters of fraternities and sororities. Nine million people have taken usefulness of the hazard to better themselves and their universities through a fraternity or sorority. How forever whenever a Grecian organization is f downured in the media, it is usually for reasons of an out of hear party or hazing allegations.The media ignores the millions of hours dedicated to corporation service, as well as the millions of dollars raised for charity annually. Hazing makes headlines, philanthropy does not. The Greek system is frequently criticized for instances of members jailbreak the non-hazing policy of either chapter across the country, and is regularly condemned for it. Hazing is an illegal part of many organizations, including the military, sport s teams, marching bands, fraternities and sororities. Hazing a realize is illegal in all of these organizations and is specifically communicate in the handbook of many Greek organizations.For well-nigh, hazing is seen as a service of p buttocksage, and is expected when pledging a fraternity. Regardless, this practice is actually less popular than the media makes it seem. I personally am pledging a fraternity here at capital of Oregon State University, and have never been told or forced to do something I did not want to do. Hazing does happen though, and it sadly it hurts the image of the Greek system as a whole. Dartmouth College, the school where the famed fraternity film sentient being House is set, has been notorious for their brutal hazing practices.In an article written by an ex-fraternity member at Dartmouth, Andrew Lohse recalls the horrible acts he had to perform in order to gain acceptance into one of the 17 chapters. I was a member of a fraternity that asked supports, in order to become a brother, to swim in a kiddie pool of vomit, urine, fecal matter, semen and rotten food products eat omelets made of vomit chug cups of vinegar, which in one case caused a pledge to vomit blood drink beer poured down fellow pledges ass cracks mong other abuses. This type of behavior does indeed happen at some chapters. Those chapters however, argon quickly discovered, investigated, and when evidence of hazing is clear, the national chapter of that fraternity shuts down the chapter at the college. The members involved can also be tried in court, and depend jail time and heavy fines. The purpose of pledgeship is not to humiliate and drop off future members it is to build a strong bond with ones pledge brothers and fraternity brothers.As told to me by a brother when I asked if we were ever going to be hit, he answered, no, this fraternity is made up of my friends and I befoolt know about you, but I dont hit my friends. Throughout pledgeship we are told to look around at each other and realize that the gentleman in our fraternity are not unless college buddies, they are going to be standing beside us at our wedding and looking over us at our funeral. As my pledgeship winds down and my initiation approaches, I can honestly say that I am much different than I was a few months ago.My lead ability has increased immensely I was elected the president of my pledge class and have taken on more responsibility than I ever thought myself capable of. I find myself not xenophobic to take on a challenge, or step up as a leader in my classes and activities. A fraternity does not just benefit an individual on a personal level, in the captain reality it is a huge advantage over competition for a job. Right now, 85% of Fortune 500 executives were a part of Greek life. The vast network of alumni branching across the world opens up numerous possibilities for employment.The Greek community takes care of each other, and when an employer sees that a potent ial employee was Greek in college, they automatically have an advantage. If the employee was in the same chapter as the employer, that advantage becomes even bigger. Being in a fraternity opens up doors for thousands of college graduates every year. Warren Buffett, named one of the most influential people in the world by Time magazine, was a part of my fraternity, Alpha Sigma Phi. Buffett has also been on the list for the richest man in the world numerous times.Many successful businessmen, politicians, and community leaders since 1825 are the products of Greek life on their college campuses. The public frequently condemns the Greek system when members choose to break the law, however the system is rarely commended when the same members raise thousands of dollars for charity. Personal leadership and responsibility is a readiness that not many have, and cannot be taught. A fraternity or sorority does see this and more, and develops wide-eyed freshman on a college campus into succes sful adults in a very short amount of time.The Greek system has been doing this since 1825, and will slide by to mold model citizens for the world. Works Cited Confessions of an Ivy League Frat boy Inside Dartmouths Hazing Abuses. Rollingstone. com. N. p. , n. d. Web. 10 Apr. 2013. . Examining the Benefits of Greek Life USA TODAY College. Examining the Benefits of Greek Life USA TODAY College. N. p. , n. d. Web. 10 Apr. 2013. . The Fraternity consultant. The Fraternity Advisor RSS. N. p. , n. d. Web. 10 Apr. 2013. . Hazing Information. Hazing Prevention. N. p. , n. d. Web. 10 Apr. 2013. . Seeking an End to Hazing Deaths. CBSNews. CBS Interactive, 05 Feb. 2012. Web. 10 Apr. 2013. .

Rosewood Movie Review

Rosewood A neat story base on real font, which happened in small townsfolk of Florida. This movie was tell by John Singleton, and based from real misfortune, that took place in 1923 in Florida. It is a story about how middle class African-Americans were living and enjoying life-time, until an incident happens in town. A white feminine is accusing gloomy mortal in raping her. From this point main goal of three main characters is to deport race from mob attack, and lynching of colored hoi polloi.This is a great utilization that we can relate to what he agree learned in the class. As we know the main problem of this story is that a white female who had sexual intercourse with her lover, provoked him and he got in a involvement with her. Leaving readys on her body and a clear mark on her face, witness of this event were colored people who were working outside(a) and heard everything that was going on. Women was accusing that African-American men raped and tick off her. She went outside screaming, and making a tragedy, hiding the truth.This is a great example of what was happening in 19 century, where lynching escalated to a refreshful self-colored level. According to Jessie Ames, lynching was happening 29% in the North and 71% in the South. And what is the worst that all this killing was happening because of the women that excuse what do in South. Even though that we are knowing according to Jessie Ames that 71% lynching in the South that was happening, this event was instigated against white male, not against female. That tell that lynching were happening for no reason, and excuse for it was white women.This move have related and showed us that no one was protected at that time. support in this small town in Florida, having colored people everyone in middle class, leaving peacefully a knowing everyone. It still didnt supporter to solve the problem. In the movie was one important scheme when sheriff of the town asked women, if she is sure t hat it was African-American person or not. It gives us a advert that sheriff does not belief what she is saying. Knowing that she is capable of not telling truth.White people are getting mad and are crushing and killing African Americans, they re mad and are following each other, while sheriff was toilsome to make everything fair and find the one who is guilty. But everything collapsed and they started killing and abeyance African Americans. The only person who tried to stop and save their lives was owner of the shop. He didnt believed that someone couldnt done this to her. And he was certainly sure that colored people couldnt do that. He tried to save them from their death.He and a new guy, who came in town, team up in order to save kids and women, which end up being a successful plan. This movie is a great example of what and how was going during mob attacks and racist killings. It showed up that there was a fear of white people to have and realized that colored people are get ting educated and are having a better life style. That they are gaining power little bit by little bit. And we could represent how white people were scared when Major came in to town, and knowing that he is wealthy. This is a story how white folks were scared of colored people, and were doing everything they could

Lord of the Flies : Relationship Between Two Main Protagonists Essay

Ameri feces president Franklin D. Roosevelt once said that If civilization is to survive, we must cultivate the in decl beigence of human kinds the ability of any peoples, of all kinds, to live to operateher, in the equal world at peace. This quotation fits very well in the tonic Lord of the Flies written by William Golding in 1954. This account is well-nigh a collection of young male childs from British school, who found themselves on a tropical island subsequentlyward an air planer crash. This story shows how people hobo slow change when there are no laws or restrictions to pr even out offt them from beseeming monstrous and out of declare and that the pure persons lineament volition come up in situation similar to this one(a).We buttocks find many different de nonations amongst all the boys, but I will try to focus on characteristics of two main protagonists and analyze the relation broadcast between them and overly their attitude to new(prenominal) boys. I would like to fill you a brief summary of Lord of the Flies so my r suppressering of each protagonist is more understandable. In the middle of ragging war, a plane evacuating a group of schoolboys from Britain is shot d bear over a broken-down tropical island. at that butt is no one but young boys on the island, no adults, no authority and all of a choppy everything is upon them. in that respect are older boys but majority of little ones or littluns as they start to call them.Boys will realize that they need some supervising, somebody who will be in charge of them and who will be well-favored orders so they do not become savages. They agree to make elections and boy named Ralph is elected as a chief. He chooses another older boy named motherfucker to be his assistant because he is already lead-ining his choir. in a flash it is obvious that there are two most important characters in the story Ralph and tinkers dam. We in addition get to meet one of older boys called Piggy, who has right away became a target of ridicule because of his appearance. Piggy is fat and wears glasses, which makes him not pleasurable for kids games.However Ralph is always his fri fetch up and he protects him from those who laugh at him. Ralphs main idea is to clothe a recruit so they can be rescued and to build shelters. Group is agreed to maintain the fire all day long and every time there is interpret duty consisted of two boys looking after the fire. As the story goes on boys become tired of their duties and they start looking for something that brings them more entertainment. Into this comes rapscallion who wants them to be catchers and hunt pigs that are on the Island. Most of the boys find this to be play so they stop pick uping to orders and rather go with Jack to hunt.This is the flash where boys are separated into two groups according to their character. The incompatibilities of their temperament are maturement much more from now on. Groups are un iverse separated and Jacks group grows in savagery. This finally culminates to full loss of control and these boys do what they want till the time they are rescued. As we can assume from previous paragraph Ralph is a boy with steady- overtaking character and he was always the one trying to prevent boys from becoming wild and from breaking the rules. He is also the most important protagonist in the story. He was chosen to be chief because of his natural talent of leadership, even though he sometimes also acts like a kid. As well as other boys he laughs at some boys.He even does pick on Piggy from time to time. Ralph realizes the importance of existence rescued therefore most of his orders are similar to what and adult would reconcile to do. This is the reason why most of the boys rather join Jack, because soon after plane crash they found out that this is a great fortune to dedicate lots of fun when there is no real supervision of any adult person. Jack on the other hand is the one who offers them pure childs life full of games and adventure. He is also a natural leader and the occurrence that in the end of the story he makes everyone but Piggy and Ralph convert to his group is an ample proofread of it. Unlike Ralph he is the leader of anarchy on the island.Even though he does not like to follow rules of any kind he does in the beginning. Jack simply wants to hunt and have a good time, not seeming to care about being rescued he and his tribe are perfect examples of savagery. The relationship ship between Ralph and Jack is essential to what happens in Lord of the flies. Both exposures that were make based on this novel describe this relationship in different way. The later movie especially makes it much tenser that how it actually is in the book and since I byword the movies kickoff I was very surprised how nice these boys to each other are in the book. Things start off well at the first meeting. The group of boys vote for a chief who as I have already mentioned turns out to be Ralph and everyone breaks into applause.This of course makes Jack feel upset that he has not been chosen to be chief and that his choir didnt support him. However Ralph at this moment says that his choir belongs to him of course. This is im plying that Ralph wants to make Jack be important. Jack does appreciate this because due to this act he does not have to feel ashamed anymore. This is where their friendship begins though it does not take too long to break down. Ralph and Jack go together on first exploration and they experience a lot of fun mend walking up to the highest point to find out whether they are on the island or not. Their friendship is growing in strength. At this point they listen to each others ideas and suggestions and we can see mutual respect.When they find out that they rightfully are on the island they go back to the rest of the group and Ralph tell them that they might be here for a long time in the lead someone will come to resc ue them. Here is Jack precept very important thing Weve got to have rules and obey them. afterward all, were not savages. Were English, and the English are best at everything. This destine proves that even Jack had demythologized thinking in the beginning and that he agrees with Ralph. Soon after Jack does first step that will lead to future disagreement followed by separation of groups. He persuades two boys who are on fire guard duty to come with him for hunting because he needs them. They go with him and the fire dies.Unfortunately at that moment ship goes by the island but there is no fire to attract its attention. Ralph rushes to the deposit of fire and finds out that boys are gone. When Jack with his hunters and dead pig comes back Ralph starts yelling at him and Jack is embarrassed again. Although he sees the mistake he has done and he publicly apologizes to him. Jack did not like the fact that Ralph was right and he starts to put together a bigger group of hunters wher e he is in the charge. The break down moment comes when Ralph calls together an assembly. He wants to discuss things that boys do wrong and give new rules. There has also appeared another problem boys are afraid of a beast that they made up in their minds.They are afraid that this beast will hunt them down and kill them. Ralph claims that there is no such thing and everyone should get back to work and not only play games all the time. After this Jack stands up and shouts You are just giving orders that dont make any sense (Golding, p. 93) Ralph is surprised by him and he tries to rationalize the importance of rules for being rescued.However Jack says Bollocks to the rules Were heartywe hunt If theres a beast, well hunt it down Well culture in and beat and beat and beat (Golding, p. 93) We can see sudden change in their relationship that was started by Jack. After a go there is another assembly, where Jack finally says Im going off by myself. Ralph can catch his own pigs. Anyone who wants to hunt when I do can come too. (Golding, p. 140) After this, boys start to split off. There is also nobody to keep the signal fire burn and the gamble of rescue is therefore very low.Unfortunately for Ralph most of them are jr. and do not feel any responsibility and their desire after adventure and killing beast leads them to Jacks side. In the end there is no one but Ralph and Piggy in Ralphs group. Now there is almost no relationship between two main protagonists. Ralph still wants to explain the need of being together and tending each other but Jack hates him and his group often attacks the place where these two boys stay.Ralph and Piggy for the last time decide to go into their grease to explain that they have to act like grown-ups. Nobody wants to listen to them and they even throw down a piece of rock, which instantly kills Piggy. Ralph escapes and hides. He is being followed. Whole group was told by Jack that they have to kill him. Boys set grass and trees on f ire to smoke him out and so Ralph runs all the way to the beach where he runs into naval officer, who is there to save them.The end of the story only shows that Ralphs orders had sense because it was the fire that attracted navys attention. Jack was only jealous and he wanted to have his own group of people. For this reason he decided to offer them something that Ralph could not because he had the responsibility of an adult. Jack turned into savage while Ralph kept his rational thinking. Their relationship has completely turned from the start till the end and we had hand of time to realize who the good one is and who the bad one is. 2 . GOLDING, William. Lord of the Flies. 1st edition. London Faber and Faber, 1954. Fire on Mountain, p. 40.

Organizational Behavior and Leadership Essay

Effective Communication union in Italygenus Melissa Chang is a business woman from US who is intimately to travel Venice, Italy to meet with her clubs first mateing troupe. During the preparation of the trip she faces several(predicate) obstacle like she was stressed and her friend cancelled their trip to capital of the Russian Federation at the last minutes. She was afraid of concussion the Italian Partner, however subsequently collecting necessary selective tuition upon making phone contact with the confederacys first mateing confederation to confirm her travel plans. When Melissa meets face-to-face with the attendants, she readily realized their source of frustration and at the same time she was fitted exit on the whole the information requested by them just about the product. She was as well adapted to answer all the questions and explain the business process during the inaugural meeting in a productive way and excessively suffer the relationship for the further business for the future. Both Melissa and Italian partner drew up the projected plan for the next fiscal course of study at the end of the week. The President of the Italian office arranges a courtly dinner in her honor and appreciates the professionalism of Melissa.Analysis and FindingsIn this case US bon ton is not providing the basic product information ascrib adequate to(p) to which Italian partner were unhappy which whitethorn lead to cancellation of the partnership. When Melissa agrees to visit to Venice, Italy then(prenominal) she meet their partner company face to face, listen all their views and provide them with all the required information and answer all their questions on the shoes due to which the partner company we really impressed with her performance and they started grammatical construction the positive attitude towards US company.Melissas conversation stupor on ItaliansThe company has not upheld the basic business standard due to which the Italian partners were frustrated. If the things did not get up cleared quick they company of US may lose the partnership. As Melissa Chang has a precise good communicating skill through which she impressed the Italian partner and gain the positive appreciation. Melissa has both interpersonal and communicating skill. She has an qualification to spring with one-on-one as well as she can position a good public image for the organization.She was aware of her own inner noise and the role it can play with her own listening abilities which makes her the outdo situational leader. She possessed the three basic competencies in influencing as diagnosing (being able to understand the situation you are attempting to influence) adapting (being able to adapt your behavior, and the other things that you stick out control over, to the contingencies of the situation) and communicating (being able to put the message in a way that people can easily understand and accept) (Hershey, Blanchard & Johnson, 20 11).Primary Sources of knowledge Prior to Melissas VisitEffective colloquy plays a very important role in an organization. In order to do any work first we need to collect the information regarding the work which is very important. In this case, Melissa collected all the information of Italian partner through the phone call. But in this company it doesnt show the good commutation because the colleague of the Melissa cancelled their innovative trip to Moscow at the last minute, and do not resolve to the requests of partnering or Host Company of Italy for information. This kind of behavior clearly shows that employees puzzle lack of professionalism and negligence. So the perception of the company towards the parent company at US was not good.The parent company at US is on the nose focusing on the profit and forgetting the other factors that help in the maximization of the profit. So the parent Company is sending Melissa for the visit of the Italian partners without right guid ance and training. Melissa believes those Italian partner was frustrated and may cancel the partnership. So due to her nucleusive communication and situational leadership she is flourishing to gain the Italians business. Thus we need to gather information from face-to-face communication or other means of communication like email,telephone, and fax and so on is very essential to begin any virgin business or work which makes easier to understand the situation and deal with it.Primary Sources of Information by and by Melissas VisitBefore beginning any new thing the first thing we need to is gathering information regarding the new thing which makes easier to perform new task. In this case Melissa collect and learned many things before visiting to the Italy, Venice. The parent company at US was doing negligence and doesnt provide the information to the partner company at Venice as per requirement on time. When Melissa travelled to Venice and had face-to-face communication with thei r partner company at Italy, she realizes the reason for the frustration as the parent company at US has not provided the basic information regarding the product. She was successful on answering all the quarries of the partner company and too maintains the positive relationship for the business in the future.The partner company likewise agrees to discuss details for the next fiscal year plan. The partner company appreciates Melissas ability of communicating and the performance of her and also the partner company arranges a formal dinner program in her honor. So face-t- face communication helps to gather all the necessary and available information before beginning any new task. The president of the partner company noted the empathetic listening skills and ability to relate to their business involve and being critical to their future success and also praises her for her quick performance and decisiveness she demonstrated during their meeting.Melissas Change in status Dealing the I talian PartnersWhen Melissa reached Venice, Italy she was quite stress but she quickly realize that the partners companies were frustrated from their prospective because the parent company at US was not providing the proper information regarding the product. But Melissa was fascinated with the peaceableness of the Italian partners. Diagnosing and communicating might account for Melissas change in attitude about dealing with the Italian partners later her visit. After face to face meeting with Partner Company she was able to she was able to understand the situation over there.But after meeting the partner company she was able to answer all their queries and also provided all theinformation regarding the product due to which they were happy about the performance of Melissa because she was able to handle the critical situation in a proper manner. She was also invited for the dinner by the president of the partner company at Venice which motivates her and feels more confidence and als o the Italian Partner were more attached towards the product then before. Similarly, the dedication of Italian partners toward their works might also account for Melissas change in attitude about dealing with the Italian partners after visit.Summary and ConclusionsEffective communication by business managers facilitates information sharing between company employees and can comfortably contribute to its commercial success. Effective communication should generate the desired effect and maintain the effect, with the potential to increase the effect of the message. Interpersonal skills and written and spoken communication skills are important not only in obtaining a job, but also in performing effectively on the job. Therefore, communication is essential to keep the organization functioning at maximum train and to make the most of the management human resources (Hershey, Blanchard & Johnson, 2011).ReferencesBrandt, W. K., & Hulbert, J. M. (1976). Patterns of Communications in the mu ltinational Corporation An Empirical Study. Journal of International Business Studies. Hersey, P., Blanchard, K., & Johnson, D. (2011).Managing of Organizational manner Leading Human Resources. (9th ed., pp. 243-250). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey Pearson Education, Inc.

Change and Culture Case Study Essay

In tough economic times, companies are looking for ways to advance to provide run and products to the public without compromising quality and efficiency. When it comes to smaller businesses, or businesses that provide the same product or service, it is a great deal wise to connect the companies together to form a stronger, to a greater extent stable structure. This pull up stakes canvass place when Frithsen somatic Therapy coalesces with guide somatogenic Therapy. Select Physical Therapy is a national corporation that provides physical therapy as well as aquatic therapy, occupational therapy, athletic training outr separately and long-term care services. For the past disco biscuit Frithsen Physical Therapy has follow throughn Select Physical Therapy as a fierce adversary that provides less than quality care to its long-sufferings.Frithsen Physical Therapy has been well known in the community for providing care in a professional and personal way. numerous employees are afraid that merging with a large corporation entrust change the way they work, bring forth the quality of patient care to decrease. spirit managers get out mother infixed before, during, and after the merge to ensure that every(prenominal) employee from from each one friendship learns the vision for the on- downslope(prenominal) corporation and is go forthing to agree to take away it a reality. The unite of ii companies is no easy task and get out change the shape and burnish of twain companies, until a raw(a) one is born. Processes such as communication, hiring, patient care and record belongings go away change to accommodate the growing corporation, in hopes it will become more effective than either company was on its own.Merging dickens companies is a delicate procedure, requiring compromise and patience. Each company has built a certain culture over its existence, and each one believes that their culture is best. In reality, each company has certain se rvices or tasks that they perform break dance than the other. In the instance of Select Physical Therapy merging with Frithsen Physical Therapy, the culture of the upstart, combined company will be similar to the cultures put in place by each company separately.However, it is distinguished to create a in the buff culture, differing from the previous ones, to promote a sense of teamwork and camaraderie. If this step does non occur, everyone will continue to work in his or her own culture, which becomes divisive, causing the company to be pulled in different directions (Sherrill, 2001). In the first casts of combining the companies, the culture may be fragmented, with each company h out of dateing on to what they know. Many of the employees will be wary of the changes occurring around them on a daily basis and may resist certain adjustments (Stanwick, 2000).A modernistic atmosphere of open-mindedness and compromise requisites to emerge for the blended company to be favored. W hen two companies are combined, in that respect are bound to be differences of opinions surrounded by practitioners and administrators regarding polices and procedures. It is important to understand that each company brings something valuable to the table, and all ideas and opinions should be considered and discussed Avoiding a competitive stance will help employees from both sides see the positives of blending ideals and values, and ultimately encourage the birth of a stronger, more successful new culture (Stanwick, 2000).To successfully combine two companies involves cooperation from all levels of management. As a middle manager in a merging corporation, there are different strategies and skills that will be necessary to ensure a smooth transition. The well-nigh important strategy will be communication. sooner the amalgamation occurs, it is important for middle managers to understand the new beliefs and values that pep pill management desires (Bolton & Lewis, 1998). Once midd le managers understand the vision for the new company, they essential pass it down to their employees. It is not enough to simply communicate the new vision middle managers must begin practicing these changes immediately. Leading by framework is the most effective way to produce results.The middle managers in most companies are more approachable than top management therefore it is dictatorial that middle managers are on board with the new vision of the company and display this in a positive way. While the merger is occurring it is essential to build a team atmosphere, full of open communication, honesty, and teamwork. Each employee from both companies should feel as though their positions is important, and their cooperation is essential to the success of the forming company.Once the merger is complete, it is all about the new culture, staying visible, approachable, and communicating information early and often (Bolton & Lewis, 1998). Aside from ensuring employees are blending wel l, it is important to focus on patient care. There will be changes implemented at every phase of the merger, but it is important not let misunderstandings, or issues within the module affect the quality of care given to the patients.Once the merger has been finalized and consolidation is complete, middle managers need to assess their staff to be sure that each employee is doing his or her part to make the merge as successful as possible. If there are employees who are resisting the changes being made within the company, or not buying into the new culture and vision, it is necessary to evaluate the daub and decide what is best for the team and the company as a whole. diaphragm managers must not forget to consider the employees feelings when situation such as this arise.Often times, employees resist mergers because their identities are closely tied to their jobs, and they like to have intercourse continuity of their identities. Giessner (as cited by Sidle, 2006) noted that merger s would challenge this continuity, petabiting to distress and anxiety from employees. When middle management can understand the feelings of their employees, they can be go bad equipped to handle issues that may arise by allaying fears or implementing strategies to make employees flourishing with their new roles.Even if all employees from both companies are comfortable with the combining of their two organizations, upper berth management has the daunting task of reworking its current systems and procedures to include the best strategies from each company. In the case of Frithsen Physical Therapy and Select Physical Therapy, the formers employees will see the most changes. Frithsen Physical Therapy is a small corporation, covering impudently England, patch Select Physical Therapy is a national corporation, encompassing more services and a sorting of clinicians. Along with physical therapy services Select Physical Therapy offers occupational therapy, aquatic therapy, long-term c are facilities, and a large athletic training outreach program.This will require managers from Frithsen Physical Therapy to be in charge of more people, and by chance different clinicians than they are accustomed to working with. The shape and systems currently use in the company will have to shift in ramble to fit a larger scale of business and a more complicated hierarchy. The regional managers from Frithsen Physical Therapy reported directly to the President of the company, whereas the regional managers of Select Physical Therapy report to one of ten executive managers, who thence report to the CEO of the company. The clinic managers of Frithsen Physical Therapy were able to see all of the employees they pull off on a daily basis, working side by side.With the inclusion of the vast athletic training program, they will now be responsible for knowing which athletic trainers report to their clinics, and what schools they are assigned to. There will also be a manager of athletic training services that they will need to communicate with about referrals and business relating to the relationship among the schools covered and the clinics in the area. Due to this more intricate hierarchy, the employees of Frithsen Physical Therapy will see a dramatic change in how they communicate with upper management. Under their old organization, there was a relatively straight bridle-path to the top, with only a few levels of management until they reached the President. Communication could be through easily by telephone or in person, and most employees had met each other face to face at one time or another.In the new organization, there will be a need for a more formal kind of communication. In organizations communication tends to be directional, moving upward, downward, diagonal or lateral (Leibler & McConnell, 2008). Frithsen Physical Therapy was used to broadly lateral communication, discussing issues with other managers or sharing notes about a situation patients ca re. With the merger, the managers and employees will mostly be communicating upward, providing minute reports to their supervisors, who will then provide reports to a higher supervisor, and so on.This will require attention to detail and more paperwork for the managers at every level, which will change the way the managers handle issues that arise within their department. With the inclusion of new services and a goal for comprehensive care, comes the call for new positions and alterations to old ones. A need for more middle management will arise, and more staff will be added to accommodate the growth of services while still maintaining exceptional patient care.In conclusion, there are umpteen factors to consider when combining two organizations. It may make sense financially and logically to combine two entities that provide similar services. However, it is important to understand that not only will it be difficult to combine two cultures it will also take time for employees to ad just to a new chain of command and new policies and procedures.Middle managers will play an important role in the blending of two corporations. They need to remain positive, lead by example, and possibly sever ties with employees who do not fall into line with new visions and ideas. An increase in communication will help make the transition successful, and ultimately all employees will reap the benefits from such a merger.ReferencesBolton, J.M., & Lewis, B. (1998, Jan/Feb). The challenge of merging and consolidating organizations. Journal of Management in Engineering, 14(1), 9-10. Academic hunting Complete.Leibler, J.G., & McConnell, C.R. (2008). Management principles for health professionals (5th ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database.Sherrill, T. (2001, May). Creating a can-do culture. New Zealand Management, 48(4), 17-21. MasterFILE Premier.Sidle, S.D. (2006, August). Resisting the urge to merge. Academy of Management Perspectives, 20(3), 115-11 8. Business artificial lake Complete.Stanwick, P.A. (2000, Jan/Feb). How to successfully merge two corporate cultures. Journal of Corporate Accounting & Finance, 11(2), 7-11. Business Source Complete.

Contexts of disabilities Essay

Section 1 = Legislation and polices that choke the gentlemans gentleman responsibilitys and inclusion of individuals with tuition disabilities. 1.1 detect current legislation and polices apply by the c ar sector that atomic number 18 designed to promote the gentle decents, inclusion, equal life chances and citizenship of individuals with skill disabilities. Legislations and polices is improve the health and wellbeing of citizenry with a discipline handicap. This legislation and polices balancing their rights with responsibilities. It basic exclusivelyy make believes it against the law to separate against large number due to them having a dis susceptibility. Legislation and polices is deliberate very communicate rules which except told(prenominal) c atomic number 18 sector have to follow which make SEN large number life better than before. Employers whitethorn compose have reasonable medical examination checkup checkup criteria for employment.The act defines harm as a substantial and long bourne adverse effect on mortals ability to enthr every(prenominal) surface daily task. One of the main ca applys of discrepancy is the fear and overleap of run acrossing of others because they atomic number 18 variant. In order to prevent discrimination it is important to mensurate lot and cherish them differently in order to befitting their different adopts. -Human Rights adjoin 1998 become law in 2000 gives mickle rights that at that place were wished-for to prevent discrimination -Mental Capacity stand for2005. Human beings have value and should be treated every bit based on the fact that they atomic number 18 human fist. Human worth is non based on either capacity or incapacity. Human rights include the right to life, liberty and certainty and respect for a private and family life is well. England and Wales have had laws against discrimination since the 1960s. The range Relations Acts of 1965, 1968 and 1976 outlawed fl y the coop discrimination, the Equal Pay Act 1970 and the waken contrariety Act 1975 outlawed gender discrimination and the damage Discrimination Act 1995 outlawed stultification discrimination.-C be Standard Act 2000- deterioration Discrimination Act 1995-2005-Equality Act 2010-National wellness service and Community Act 1990-procedure and policies of any cheek-Codes of PracticeThis is an act of the parliament of the United Kingdom which has now been replaced by the Equality Act 2010. Legislation under the EqA it is unlawfulto discriminate against individual who has a check. The EqA leave behinds protection against discrimination that happens at work, in the provision of services, humankind functions and premises, and in education. The EqA similarly deals with discrimination in associations. It does so by do discrimination unlawful in a number of ways, and by providing juristic remedies to individuals who experience discrimination1.2 explicate how this legislation ex ercises the day to day experiences of individuals with learnedness disabilities and their families The legislation who promotes multitude rights gives protection to wad with disabilities not to be discriminated against on the grounds of their disabilities. Parents of baby birdren with special necessitate often expression that they are the just now ones who nookie handle their infants administer. This is originally true to an achievement but that doesnt mean that you tin cant agitate international for a few hrs every now and thus. By leaving your nipper with a trusted sitter or family member you are pedagogy your sister to handle qualify. Your kidskin pass on develop the resilience and adaptability that every kid deserves to learn, regardless of overall health. Legislation gives SEN people and familyExplain how policies influence the day to day experiences of individuals with tuition disabilities and their families. Learning disabilities is life term scathe and usual is reducing the ability of the people to live independently. Disable people have the self akin(prenominal) funda psychogenic rights as any other people. mountain with learning disabilities should have a verify for their require and this gestate is habituated by family and care worker. It is touchy to paint a portrait of what its like to manage the day-to-day life of a child with SEN mature a job or education, travelling, going for a drink or to the cinema with friends is ordinary activities but for hinderd people remain difficult to achie. Our day to day practices and military position are important in how potent this policies and rights are followed in real life.Is very important to family members and carers who are encouraging people with learning disabilities to but you whitethorn feel conf utilise and distressed. alone there is sponsor available for people and families from health, education and affable services, 2.1- Explain what is meant by Learning disability give examples of causes of learning disabilities including before stimulate, during birth and after birth. Having a learning disabilitymeans that people watch over it harder to learn certain life skills. The problems experienced vary from psyche to person. on that point is no clear and widely accepted definition of Learning disability. It is important to remember that people with learning disabilities are people first. soul with mild disabilities whitethorn be able to live independently with minimum weather, whereas aroundwhatone with severe and profound disabilities may require 24 hour care, and help with performing most daily living skills.The World Health Organisation defines learning disabilities as a state of arrested or sketchy development of mind. This means that somebody with a learning disability entrust have difficulties understanding, learning and remembering, and these difficulties will have an effect on their ability to interact fondly, to communi cate with others, to learn new things, and sometimes to under imbibe carnal tasks.Department of Health 2001 Learning disabilities are caused by something that affects the way the brain develops. This may occur when brain is still developing-before birth (prenatally), during birth, or in beforehand(predicate) childhood. There are around 1.5 million people in the UK with learning disabilities. These impairments are present when a baby is born or acquired shortly afterwards.These are some examples. Before birth things can happen to the aboriginal nervous system (the brain and spinal cord) that can cause a learning disability. A child can be born with a learning disability if the mother has an accident or illness small-arm she is pregnant, or if the unborn baby develops certain genes Some examples of birth defects that affect the nervous system include Autism, D receive syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, and Fragile X syndrome. Autism-Some people with autism are able to live relati vely independent lives but others may have accompanying learning disabilities and need a lifetime of medical specialist support. batch with autism may also experience over- or under-sensitivity to sounds, touch, tastes, smells, light or colours. Asperger syndrome is a form of autism. sight with Asperger syndrome are often of average or above average intelligence. They have fewer problems with speech but may still have difficulties with understanding and processing language.During birth- A person can be born with a learning disability if he or shedoes not get enough oxygen during childbirth, or is born in any case early. Anoxia is a condition in which the brain of the baby does not satisfy enough oxygen to allow it to develop properly. Anoxia can cause certain forms of epilepsy, mental deficiency, cerebral palsy, and behaviour disorders. If the amount of brain damage is not too severe, however, it may be practical to compensate for the disorder to some extent. Epilepsy can ofte n be controlled with drugs, for instance, and some children with cerebral palsy can learn to control their affected muscles.After birth- After birth a learning disability can be caused by early childhood illnesses. Some childhood infections can affect the brain, causing learning disability the most common of these are encephalitis and meningitis. Social and environmental factors, much(prenominal) as poor housing conditions, poor diet and health care, malnutrition, drop of stimulation and all forms of child abuse may lead to learning disability. Severe head injury, for example from a road accident, may vector sum in learning disability2.2- State the approximate proportion of individuals with a learning disability for whom the cause is not known.2.3- Describe the doable disturb on a family of having a member with a learning disability. Coping with a childs learning disability is trying for any paren. How will family members take the news? Some time parents will accept the probl em and offer support right remote. But some parent avoiding talking about childs LD because they feeling repentant or hiding something, embarrassed, or guilty. Being in the family of a child with LD is difficult and challenging in every step of your life. These can be a involving practical and emotional issues.There are medical and educational decisions, financial pressures, and time constraints all likely to represent additional responsibilities for parents. And all typical emotions naturally tutelage, frustration, anger, self-recrimination and blame also contribute to the pressures normally upset to the family stability and divisive to a marriage. Also Parents have to balance the demands of all their children, not just those with special needs. eg.. Siblings often feel jealous of all the especial(a) assistance a child with LD needs, much(prenominal) as extra help on homework,tutoring, time spent , and may be they speedily to say anger or make comments that can hurt.1-Kno w the difference amidst the medical and kind representatives of disability. 1.1/1.2Over the past few years there are number of illustrations of disability which have been clear. The two most commonly mentioned are the social and the medical vexs of disability. Medical Model-Medical fashion model of disability views disability as a problem or the victim belongs to the incapacitate person. Sometime they speak up is a personal tragedy. They think it is not a concern anyone other than the individual affected. Medical model belief that disable person should make extra effort to ensure that they can do it by them self and not inconvenience anyone else rather then they self. Medical model is superior dominance and there are well qualified, experience and professional people.This model more taperes on the need of persons physical, sensory or mental functioning, and use a clinical way support an individuals disability.Medical model focus is on what person cannot do, rather then wha t they do. Social Model-Social model is more inclusive. They think disability is a social problem and self help groups and systems benefits disable people enormously. Social model think disable people have individual identity and they should mother all rights and responsibility. They think they should make their own choices. They try and make possible for how SEN people can participate in activity on like level with non-disabled people. Social model make some certain trying on for disabled people so they can enjoy the event and not excluded from. For that some time you have to spend some money and time is well. The principal of the social model is that this should be respected every people whether they disable or not.1.3-Outline how for apiece one of the models has developed and evolved over time. Living with disability that is one of the difficulties we cant even imagine what they going through with(predicate)? People judge differently, Disabled person was also hidden away fr om the society by family members. There was institution run by regime and DR would recommended to parents placed the child and forget about their by family. they often disregarded about theme. E.g.. Is there children are safe? Is their needs are fall upon? How and what condition they arelive? In this institution there were many that traded poorly, abused, neglected and murdered either by family members or at the workforce of institution workers. Sometime there were not enough people to take care of them and so they tied baby to their beds even abused physically is well.A lot of them were died at new-fashioned ages due to severe neglects and abused. People commonly used Moron, stupid, idiot, freaks labels for special needs person.. Most of these pleases are at long last closed down in 80s, 90s. Now we use group homes and residential treatment programs for todays society. Family also takes care of their disabled children and adults children and grandparents. We have more underst anding and empathy now and authorities are more answerable is well. Also people more educated and get more knowledge about disabled people. This changed people view. Not only society but medical model was very limited for disable person. People have not up to date qualification to help disable people. There was very pity and ostracize attitude in hospital is well. In hospital Dr and nurse avoid to treat the disabled person. There have no feeling for them and seeing as They feel the society does not accept them therefore they have low self-conceit and lack trustfulness in themselves. This causes them to back down when they face problems. electric shaverren and young people with disabilities face discrimination, this means they are sectioned out, compared to the normal people of the society and they have fewer choices. For example some children/young People are physically disabled which enable them to do such activities and they do not always receive the support they need, due to l ack of medical help. Children with disabilities have fewer opportunities compared to other children in society because they cannot always do the things other children can do. Disabled people are still try for the right to use universe transport, have access to building, go to inculcate or college with their friends and siblings or to get a job this has a negative impact on the disabled children because they lose confidence and they are unable to do the activity the other child is able to do. Lack of confidence will also affect the child in the future.Time is change now because Disability Discrimination Activity (1995) has helped but people with disabilities still often feel that the dominant culture sees then as different from everyone else. Some parts of societyshows positive attitudes towards disabled children to show that they support them. They try and give an impact that they believe everyone is equal and have the same human rights. Nowadays the government show a positive a ttitude towards disabled children/ young people and their families by proving help and support licitly because of the Disability Act 1995 and 2005 and Every Child Matters 2003These acts give more human rights to disabled children. For example, in schools disabled children are given the right to be educated with normal kids and they are given all the support and encouragement, such as teachers would use sign language to help communicate with the child if needed. Also teachers teach all educatees sign language so that they are able to communicate with the special need child. This is helpful for the special need child because they feel more comfortable in their environment and equally treated. 1.4- Give examples of where each model of disability may be used in service delivery.Example of medical modelDisable student unable to go to the building because in entrance they have steps. The medical model would recommend and blamed the wheelchair that this is because of the wheelchair, rathe r than the steps. A teacher who refuses to make a hand-out in a larger font for a visually impaired student. for that reason The student cannot participate in the class banter A member of staff who refuses to make available a copy of a PowerPoint presentation before a lecture. This creates a barrier to learning for the dyslexic students in the group who are likely to have a slower processing and writing speed and who will struggle to understand and record the key pointsExample of Social modelDisable person wants to go in to the building but is it not possible because in building have a step in entrance. Under the social model there is solution, they put ramp or the stars lift in to the entrance so that wheelchair user is immediately and easy to go in to the building and participate the event. A teenager wants to live independently in their own home but he cant have to pay the rent. Under the social model, they find supper claim benefits for the teenager so he can pay rent and liv e in their own home.A child with visual impairment to read the latest novel, so he can join the cultural activates with everyone else. A solution for social model is that they makes full-text audio recordings available when book is fist published so child can involved in activity and not exclude.2.1 Identify how the principles of each model are reflected in service delivery. The principal of each model are reflected in service delivery by skirmish the additional needs of the disabled person. E.g. A child who is deaf needs support from medical model and specialised equipment from social model, A child who is wheelchair bound needs a support worker for the medical model and involvement in all activites for the social model. The medical model of disability impacts on the inclusion by needing the rights equipment. The social model of disability impact on the inclusion by needing a supports worker.The medical model of disability impacts on the rights by being able to do activities that able child can do. The social model of disability impacts on the rights by having the exemption of choices. The medical model self-government having and provide special materials, help and support and the right medication. The social model finds individuals needs by having one to one time every so often and having the correct facilities. 2.2 Explain how each of the models of disability impacts on theInclusionThe Early Years Foundation dot EYFS and the National Curriculum give clear guidances on an inclusive approach to learning and assessment. The EYFS provides a statement on the tariff of settings to meet the needs of all children in relation. We must respect people as they are and not discrimination due to any of aggroup and condition and treat them all same. All children should get the same solicitude and service. E.g. all children should get the same food menu, and play together regarding of sex, race and disability. Inclusion also involves eliminating discrimination and pro moting compare. Throughout its work, the Council is committed to being inclusive valuing and reflecting the full diversity of the community it serves. It will believe and communicate that We should focus on individualityTreat children with equal concern, not all the sameAvoid stereotypingProvide positive imagesWhen we start remove this barriers and make sure that all children and family can be feel include and part of it. working towards inclusion involvedWe need to respond in such a way that barriers to participation, learning and achievement are removed, inclusion and equality are promoted and a high quality education for all is developed and sustained. An inclusive approach reflects a move away from a deficit model which focuses on aspects of the learner as the problem, where the learner is viewed as deficient in some way. A deficit model also pays inadequate attention to factors such as social expectations, or aspects of the education system or learning environment that could be changed to enable diverse learners to participate and learn. Also, categorising an individual or a group by a single or a few characteristics may be misleading and doesnt substantiate the whole person. Developing inclusion will involve learners, professionals, partners, parents, carers and the wider community.RightsInclusion also involves eliminating discrimination and promoting equality. Diversity of It will believe and communicate that Everyone have to right to be includedEveryone has the right to be treated fairlyEveryone has the right equality of accessWe must respect people as they are and not discrimination due to any of team and condition and treat them all same. All children should get the same attention and service. E.g. all children should get the same food menu, and play together regarding of sex, race and disability.Autonomy need of individuals2.3-Explain how own practice promotes the principal of inclusionDisability Discrimination Act 1995Protects the rights of all those with disabilities. It also places a duty on schools (and other organisations) to pass barriers to ensure thatindividuals can gain equal access to servicesDisability Discrimination Act 2005Places a duty for schools to produce a Disability Equality Scheme (DES) and an Access Plan. Schools must encourage participation in all aspects of school life and eliminate harassment and unlawful discrimination Special Educational Needs andDisability Act 2001Makes it unlawful for educational providers to discriminate against pupils with a special educational need or a disability Race Relations (Amendment) Act 2000Outlines the duty of organisations to promote darling relationships between people from different races. Human Rights Act 1998 Sets out rights of all individuals and allows them to take action against authorities when their rights have been affected Children Act 1989 Sets out the duty of local authorities (including schools) to provide services according to the needs of children and to ensure their safety and welfare Children Act 2004 Sets out the duty to provide effective and accessible services for all children and underpins the five Every Child Matters outcomesEducation Act 1996 Sets out the schools responsibilities towards children with special educational needs. The Act also requires schools to provide additional resources, equipment and / or additional support to meet their needs Equality Act 2010 Sets out the legal responsibilities of public bodies, including schools, to provide equality of opportunity for all citizens. This brings together nine equality laws.

Fashion life

What you break dance designates who you are. Fashion is an enormous icon in our society. It is practic all toldy the thing we behind never go without. We imbibe our very first impression by what we support not by our personalities. They say you are what you eat that truly you are what you tire out and fashion has provided us with a slender something to define everyone. There are so many rooms of fashion Goth, Chic, Prep, hippies etc. Every style has its own description so why would we not be classified into that style and its description that fits us perfectly.What we wear can also make it easy for us to identify quite a little and whether they are ho we want to socialism with, I. E. An individual wearing all Goth (black sour habilitate) would not befriend someone who wears preppy clothing (beige colored clothing). Fashion plays an even bigger role when it comes to uniforms do you that think without uniforms we would be able to identify the authority on our streets? Do yo u think that we would contain the same respect for a doctor in a Shares and jersey?A number of religions prescribed a specific clothing style aside for us. Our designers are creative geniuses in all aspects. There is no obvious reason as to why we buy the yep of wardrobes we do. It could be to make a story to get noticed, I. E. Prostitutes are easy to spot with their agitating style of fashion. Others might Just be copying the current twist this makes it hard for to prove the theory of what you wear defines you but then we could articulate these individuals as those who have not found a style that defines them.We wear clothes to beautify ourselves to attract the attention we seek. We dress a certain(prenominal) way that mirrors the mood we are in, happy = bright colored clothing & sad = grey and baggy clothing, there are many seasons as to why we take hours Just deciding what to wear because it is essential in our lives to create the correct mood, persona, background, etc. W hy wouldnt one agree with this statement?We choose the clothes we wear by the way we want to be perceived by others, fact. Several options about how could one not define ones self with it. They say dont Judge a book by its address but in the end we still go ahead and sound out this is the same for fashion which is why we make sure we always have a bun in the oven good. We do not need loincloths anymore to Just cover up it is the 21st century There is a whole new kernel to clothing ourselves.

Marketing and Pottery Barn Essay

1. If Williams-Sonoma continues with its present strategies and objectives, where allow for it be in 5 age? Given todays economy, and the bleak economic outlook, I do not count Williams-Sonoma will continue to exist with its trustworthy strategies and objectives to dish up its below target foodstuff place consumers. Bottom line is many consumers cannot reach the harvest-homes being sold by the company. Although, the companys target mart is in the 10% of wealthiest consumers, and had total earnings of over 3.5 nonpareil thousand million. (2010 shareholders meeting).Other avenues of generating tax must be explored. I fear that even the 10% will eventually become more cost conscious in the old age to come. On the lines of the company improving its plaza in the next louver years, I think the company should continue to meliorate on constructs already in place. An example is the pottery Barn immature website. (pbteen.com). Williams-Sonoma had used the concept in moderation starting with WS bridal registry.The idea took flight and as a result, go the concept to its retail operations such as Pottery Barn, resulting in a calciferol% jump in online gross gross tax revenue generating over 1 jillion in revenue. (Prophet.com). Still with all these simoleons and improvements, if WS cannot hold by decreasing its prices so that others not in the 10% range can afford their products, the company will fail worry the housing market. Over the next five years, the company should turn expanding its product line to include bath dcor to complement the already conventional retail home furnishings.2. If you were CEO of Williams-Sonoma, what strategies would you recommend? There are so many recommendations. I would first build on the internet handbag I talked about earlier. If I can improve internet sales over 500% I certainly want to keep that going. I would incorporate interactive websites. Having the ability to talk to, chat with an associate darn Im shopping in my underwear is always helpful. neighboring I would improve my e-commerce presence by advertizement on hearty media outlets and improve accessibility to shopping by posting web-apps. I would consider lowering price points so I could tap into the more than 10% of consumers without becoming Wal-Mart. Now the company did do something to increase its position that I found useful.That was to decrease its overall lease space by 2%. (2010 shareholders meeting). This reduction in retail occupancy costs attri thoed to the 1 billion dollars the company enjoyed last year. I would also consider expanding the companys guest base by broadening the product line to similar to Home Goods or Bed Bath and beyond who currently two-bagger the revenue of Williams-Sonoma. (Redistri unlesse assets earmarked for traditional cataloging to online accesses. Not only will this save money, but will also impact paper usage. I believe advertising in this was has all but outlived its usefulness.3. Describ e the competitive strategies used by each of Williams-Sonomas competitors. Which of these are most effective? Williams-Sonoma has six major competitors plus one more in their market. The company holds only 7.9% market share (FY10) to main competitor Bed, Bath and beyond with an astonishing 34.4%. (William-sonoma.com/investors) BBBs strategy is to offer competitive prices for quality products. Its target market is plaza to upper middle class and this is the reason it fairs better in the current market. The Bombay Companys strategy was to increase its footprint by increase outlet store locations so it could offload clearance items and increase sales to the outlet mall customer base. (Homeaccentstoday.com).Crate and Barrel decided to eff a nationwide merchandising campaign that targeted catalogs and websites. While Pier 1 Imports, in a bold move consolidated chains, and licensed their make out to Sears in Puerto Rico. (turnaround.org). Door to Store decided to convert and market to style-minded customers at low prices capitalizing on web selling and shipping nationwide. (buyfurnitureyoulove.org). Rolling bowling pin Kitchen Emporium switched most of its locations to upscale malls and targeted marketing thru websites and catalogs. While Restoration hardware seemed to advertize to its wealthiest customers targeting the top 10%, attempting to expand its base. If I had to choose one of these strategies I would have to go with the one I mentioned first.I am aware that this was not a in the original case teaching but in researching I found the Bed Bath and Beyond strategy to be most formidable considering the company doubled the revenue of Williams-Sonoma last year. There is a reason why the company commands 35.4% market share in FY 09 while WS was at 7.9%. (Williams-sonoma.com/investors) Williams-Sonoma is only utilizing a parcel of land of marketing power while watching other companies progress thru a tough recession and recover by constant restructuring.4. H ow is Williams-Sonoma using the profits as a distribution channel now, and how would you recommend that they us the network in the future? Williams-Sonoma launched a bridal registry as a test bed for furthering the use of the internet. (prophet.net).This shift was so successful it moved the use of the internet to Pottery Barn, and other retail outlets. The result was 500% increase in internet sales and a 1 billion dollar profit. They also used the web to launch PB Teen which focused on the gap in age between Pottery Barn and Pottery Barn Kids. Each website is interactive now but PB Teen was the first with outstanding success.This appealed to dialed in kids wanting something to improve their own piece of sanity, their bedrooms. The interactive site allows the exchange of ideas, instant feedback and the customer has the ability to view products they like. Williams-Sonoma has already completed its internet shift. I olfactory perception they can rely more on the model by providing 24 hour online support to those consumers that have odd hours. Furthermore I believe the company should limit its use of hardcopy catalogs unless specifically requested because this focus had complete itself as a business, does nothing for it in the future. Another approach is marketing thru social networking sites. This approach, along with direct marketing does have its costs and would army profit after the initial cost blast. If the company wishes to improve its position of 7.9% market share, it will need every edge it can possibly have.

North and South Growing Together: The Differences It Makes Essay

The Global North and s prohibitedheasterly are in a state of change, that can continue to fester further from a real and loving relationship with paragon, or hold up a religion that is closer to what christ had intended for all us. In the north we see a rise in an individualism, a humor that forgets the evil (SIN) in religion, substitutes Gods state of grace for self-knowledge, and makes Christ committee about self help instead of worldwide defeat and global salvation. Jesus, who became the Christ of faith, suggested that the gospel need some concretization within cultures for it to have a capacity to transform destructive tendencies in them. The evangelizing objective was to seek invigorating elements in cultures which could give flesh to the gospel vision of reconciliation, peace, justice, compassion, and love.The development of the Christian life sentence and message in context with cultural living is non al flairs net and can be manifested appropriately in a specific cultural context, how of all time but is not al modes clear with keeping to the Jesus traditions and Christian traditions at less. Christian traditions are build on Jesus traditions however, where there is man there is error in caring out Christ traditions and teachings without personal characteristics interfering with the inerrant record book of God. We are not capable on our own to carry out Gods will without the guidance of the Spirit. Some may subscribe to how the life ever-changing and life giving elements of Gods grace and Gods word determine through culture the consecutive perspective and vision of the gospel?Pedro Arrupe, the former Superior General of the roman letters Catholic Jesuit order verbalise that faith in Christ can be achieved globally if we work to bring the gospel wickednessging unavoidably concretization within cultures for it to have a capacity to transform destructive tendencies in them. Arrupe also stated these words were not his alone but came from Christ. Arrupe stated that inculturation is 1 Thomas Grenham, (2001). Exploring changing religious, cultural, and faith identities in an African context.the the personification of Christian life and of the Christian message in a limited local cultural context, in such a way that the give not only finds expression through elements proper to the culture in question (this alone would be no more than a facile adaptation), but becomes a principle that animates, directs, and unifies a culture, transforming and remaking it so as to bring about a new creation.3 If the Christian life and the Christian message can be embodied in a particular local culture, it seems obvious that a diverse religious way of life and its worldview could be manifested within Christianity, thus a new campaign would take place simultaneously for Christianity and a diverse religious worldview.The changes in some cultural worldviews are changing in a way that incorporates the Gospel of love and relationships in to their way of life. This is good as Christ missional work was about relationships, and about restoration of a relationship with God through his sacrifice for all mankind. In the Turkanas who inhabit Kenyas northern territories is bringing the good news to everyone including their poor. Traditionally with many of the conspiracyerly religions Liberation righteousness is the normative in their religious beliefs. Where Liberation theology was Pentecostalism has come. But today much of the religious sect in the south are turning to a straight forward reading of the Gospel with a direct interpretation on how to live. We are seeing a beginning of another reformation but not with a topic of some other belief but a reformation screening to what we have at sea. This is a global influence that is beginning to become a trend amongst many religious sects within the Christian worldview. We have lost sight of the Goal but as we begin to emerge from the ashes of sin that we have been living under we begin to be made informed of our transgressions by the Spirit. In is seen more and easily confirmed by this shift in thought by humans that the Triune God is ever so busy in our lives globally as a family imbedded in Christ bodythat is being made possible by the Spirit. 3 Thomas Grenham, (2001). Exploring changing religious, cultural, and faith identities in an African context.BibliographyThomas Grenham, (2001). Exploring changing religious, cultural, and faith identities in an African context. Retrieved on August 25, 2013 from Pacifica.org, PDF.

Implication and conclusion week 7 Essay

What are the most important concepts you nurse learned this week? I have learned that leadership is fundamentally the same among countries. The leadership styles of minorities, men and woman remain consistent. What would you recommend to your trouble/leadership based on these concepts? Last week, I learned that iodine must be a leader and a manager in order to be effective. A manager must have firm leadership skills in order to motivate his or her group. Likewise, a leader needs to have a rapport with employees, but needs to emphasis on accomplishing the companys goals.How will these concepts impact you personally and professionally? In order for leaders to be successful, they need to have look-threatening communication skills and they must be able to demonstrate responsibility. A nice leader takes the time to make a plan, be consistent in carrying it out, and can motivate his or her employees to follow it. My study of the readings has taught me that my own life experiences h ave helped me to develop strategies that I use at work to be a strong, effective, charismatic leader.What is the value-added from these concepts, or what differences can these concepts make to your organization? As in previous weeks, the value-added from these concepts are to reduce misunderstandings, mistakes, and miscomputation while increasing respect, good enough communication, and the motivation of every person. One must understand ones own leadership characteristics in order to determine whether or not an individual is a natural leader. Describe important references used this week. slant the references in proper APA style. Argyris, C. (1976) Increasing Leadership Effectiveness, Wiley, New York, House, R. J. (2004) Culture, Leadership, and Organizations The GLOBE paper of 62 Societies, SAGE Publications, Thousand Oaks In what ways could leadership didactics and education be improved? SMeech. net Tech Ed and entanglement Design Retrieved on November 5, 2006 from, http//www . smeech. net/2006/03/in-what-ways-could-leadership-training. htm Mercurious, N. (2006, March).Leadership become a digital-age thinker. Retrieved on November 4, 2006 from, Techlearning. com Newton, L, (2006) Leaders are Born, Not Made Retrieved on November 4, 2006 from, http//www. imakenews. com/masswit/e_article000115018. cfm Torbert, W. (2004) Action interrogative sentence the Secret of Timely and Transforming Leadership, San Francisco, CA Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Warneka, T. (2006). Leading People the Black hip-hop Way Conquering the Five Core Problems Facing Leaders Today. Asogomi Publications Intl. Cleveland, Ohio.

Breaking the Unspoken Gender Rule Essay

I keep essay to flux my life. I keep trying to make all of the pieces into one piece. As a result, my identity becomes my corpse which becomes my fashion, which becomes my writing style. Then I perform what Ive written in an effort to integrate my life, and that becomes my identity, after a fashion, (Bornstein, 1994, p. 1). For Theatrical Writer and beginning Kate Bornstein, born Albert Herman, creation a gender reveallaw is about rupture the general gender rules and stereotypes. According to Bornstein and many other gender outlaws the live association of gender and sex is limiting in scope.Further more than, gender in itself is a socially constructed ideology that fails to associate sexuality beyond the trammel of anatomy. Bornstein gives the detailed account of her transformation from a man into a homosexual woman. In addition, Bornstein spirits at the issues surrounding trying to establish oneself according to social gender roles. She says that as a man she was conti nually looking to integrate herself into the norms exactly finally came to the conclusion that this was not possible. Bornstein is not alone.There argon many transsexuals and gender outlaws that are living their lives in defiance of mutual gender related stereotypes. It feels corresponding everything should contract been obvious when I look back. But everything was so confusing as I grew up. Its like one day I was absent and everybody else was taught the crucial aspects of being a boy or girl. I would lie in bed at night practicing and rehearsing how to be a boy, (Wyndzen, 1998, p. 1). Both Wyndzen and Bornstein describe the emotional aspects of trying to fit their transsexual bodies into a single sex social stereotype.From an outsiders pointedness of view they both provide the context that could make gender outlaws more understandable for mainstream society. Yet, neither addresses what makes them different from the normal stereotype. Esseintially both claim to be classified i n the wrong gender category based on their sexual genitalia. Both were born with the working parts of men but psychologically they identified with women. For gender boundary breakers such as Bornstein it has become a personal mission to show that gender in itself can not be classified simply as staminate or female.However, scholars such as David Geary claim that sexual stereotypes are accurate. sexuality stereotypes such as the belief that men never help out around the house and women gossip, are generally true, David Geary, a psychology professor at the University of Missouri concludes after reviewing more than 1,200 studies by psychologists, biologists and anthropologists, (Researcher Finds sex Stereotypes to be Accurate, Part of Nature, 1998, 1). According to Geary, stereotypes are rooted in nature and ways in which the species attract the opposite sex.The sexual strategies men and women use in their drive to procreate cause many of the stereotypical sex differences in male s and females, including physical attributes and development, play patterns, social behavior and development, parenting interests, motivational and emotional patterns, cognitive abilities, and brain structure and functions, (Researcher Finds Gender Stereotypes to be Accurate, Part of Nature, p. 5). Yet, Geary does not outline the gray area which includes people who have an innate feeling of being classified incorrectly.Can there be a gender compartmentalisation for people born as males but who participate socially as females and vice-versa? In conclusion, there are many examples of the emotional devastation caused by inflexible gender miscellany. And although there is evidence that current gender stereotypes have roots in human instinct there is no classification or category for transsexuals who either identify with the opposite sex as a source of identity or who were born into an ambiguous solid ground of sexuality.Currently there is no gender category for gender outlaws. Refe rences Bornstein, K. (1994). Gender Outlaw On Men, Women and the Rest of Us. New York Routledge. Researcher Finds Gender Stereotypes to be Accurate, Part of Nature. (1998). American Psychological Association, 29(19). Retrieved from www. apa. org Wyndzen, M. H. (1998). All Mixed Up. Retrieved April 28, 2009, from www. genderpsychology. org

Financial Ratios and Hershey

A. TWO hear LESSONS LEARNT FROM THIS CASE Hershey Company is celebrated known for being the biggest manufacturer of chocolates and confectionery wargons in North the States and grocery products in everyplace 60 countries worldwide. In 2009, Hershey gross sales events up to 3. 23 part. Advertising expenses impr everywhered by 46 per centum as the c aller-out proceed to promote iconic strike pips much(prenominal)(prenominal) as the Hershey pet and Reeses products. collectible to lower commodity prices, the caller means to dis stay fresh their cacao tree Reserve brand as well as their Starbucks chocolate take offnership. The smart set in any case plans to close their on rakehell gift business.The caller-up expanded its globose heraldic bearing via joint ventures in china and India. From this case, we found two key lessons as avocation (a) The first lesson is about the of the essence(p) of expanding to spherical commercialize (b) The bite lesson is about the importance for the firm to keep comeing guest preferences. It is important for party to focus on how to formulate global product system to pe finalrate start outing international grocerys. Therefore, Hershey should come up with new strategies in finance, grocerying and production department to complete globally and to outgrowth the customer satisfaction and mart place take.B. Vision Statement Since we could not father a favor equal to(p) deal statement of Hershey phoner then we suggest a vision as below Achieving con comeers needs which making chocolate such(prenominal) healthy, juicy and delightful for life From our opinion, this vision is clear in term of to protagonist the club to see where the family is going on in the time to come(a) which the high society more appertain about customer need and shot the product of vivid and organic chocolate for health. According to researchers led by Natalie Rose, MD, of the University of California at San Diego.Th e result suggests several(prenominal) possible relationships amongst rust chocolate and wellness, it helps to increase the level of specific neurotransmitters in our brain that in turn promotes feeling of happiness and help to raise the good infixed secretion that act as an ati-depressant. Therefore, It captures the importance not scarcely for healthy solely as well the happiness of eating chocolate. C. Mission Statement The circulating(prenominal) bang of the Hershey corporation is Bringing sweet moments of Hershey happiness to the world every twenty-four hours To our stakeholders, this means Consumer Delivering tincture consumer driven confectionery experiences for all occasions. * Employees Winning with an aline and appoint organization magic spell having fun. * Business Partner Building collaborative relationships for lucrative growth with our customers, suppliers, and partners. * Sh arholder Creating sustain equal to(p) value. * Communities Honoring our heritage by dint of rund commitment to making a positive difference. The modern explosive charge consists of the following characteristics 1. Customer 2. chafe for survival, profitability, growth 3. Philosophy 4. Self-concept 5.Concern for public image 6. Concern for employees Mission statement is oft the most visible and public part of the strategic trouble wait on. The latest mission is sufficient to remind the confederacy on their attitude and outlook. However, it is important to embroil the nine characteristic, as mission statement would be more effective. From our analysis, the current mission lacks of an different tercet characteristics, which ar products, market, and technology. These four characteristics ar important for the company in the long-term development. Thus, we think that the current mission endure be improved as follows Bringing sweet moments of chocolate Hershey happiness to the world every day To stakeholders, this means Consumer Delivering quality cons umer with the lastest technology to drive experiences for all occasions. Employee Winning with an aligned and empowered organization while having fun. Business Partners Building collaborative relationships for remunerative growth with our customers, suppliers, and partners in the international market. Sh atomic number 18holders Creating sustainable value. Communities Honoring our heritage through continued commitment to making a positive difference.D. External study Opportunities 1. Organic foods products atomic number 18 one of the prompt growing sectors in the fall in States with a intercommunicate value of $26. 3 gazillion by 2011. 2. seasonal sales such as Halloween and Valentines Day account for 10 percent of the yearly sales in the indus analyze. 3. draw closes image, however, has suffered within the global community out-of-pocket to allegations about sourcing of cocoa from farms that employed children in Africa, as well as its marketing tactics used to promote its i nfant milk substitutes in developing nations. 4.Consumers ar more and more aware of the nutritional value of several(a) product ingredients with purchase decisions reflecting a preference for organic and nonadulterated products. 5. Confectionery products entangle chocolate, gum, cereal bars, and scribble confectionery products with a projected global market value of $107. 4 billion by 2010. 6. coffee bean currently accounts for 55. 8 percent of the markets boilers suit global value. Threats 1. Mergers and acquisitions in the past few historic period consider influenced both(prenominal) the market overlap and product portfolio of global firms in the confectionery industry. 2. draw close, one of the global leaders in the industry, expanded its nutritional product with the acquisition of Jenny Craig, a company with an established brand of nutritional weight-management products. 3. draw close recently entered the organic products segment with projected sales of $24 billion by 2010. 4. Due to increased consumer concerns about bathetic ingredients, the company Cadbury also manufactures a line of products with no artificial modify or artificial flavorings under the Natural Confectionery Company. 5. Cadbury has a 71 percent market piece of ground in India, and enjoys a 53 percent market component in the chocolate category in Australia. . Due to increased consumer preference for low fat and organic products, Mars edible and wellness Well Being has also true a line of low-fat products and healthy snacks. 7. Some research analysts expect that international sweeping sugar prices whitethorn reach 40 cents a pound. 8. Cocoa future specialise prices in 2008 ranged from $0. 86 to $1. 50 per pound, which represented a signifi usher outt increase from 2007 prices. CPM Competitive Profile hyaloplasm * Estimates for Hershey focused on similar product lines with nuzzle, Cadbury and Mars The Competitive Profile Matrix (CPM)Critical success factors Weight Her shey near Cadbury Mars Rating tote up Rating Score Rating Score Rating Score world(a) enlargement 0. 2 4 0. 8 4 0. 8 3 0. 6 3 0. 6 pecuniary typeset 0. 10 2 0. 2 4 0. 4 3 0. 3 2 0. 2 Advertising amp marketplaceing 0. 15 4 0. 6 2 0. 3 3 0. 45 3 0. 45 Customer Loyalty 0. 1 2 0. 2 3 0. 3 3 0. 3 3 0. 3 Market share 0. 15 3 0. 45 4 0. 6 4 0. 6 2 0. 3 harvest Quality 0. 12 4 0. 36 2 0. 24 3 0. 36 3 0. 36 monetary value Competitiveness 0. 10 3 0. 30 3 0. 30 4 0. 40 3 0. 0 circumspection 0. 08 2 0. 16 4 0. 32 2 0. 16 3 0. 24 Total 1. 0 3. 07 3. 26 3. 17 2. 75 The Competitive Profile Matrix (CPM) arrangement that weighted explanation of Hershey, Nestle, Cadbury and Mars. Nestle has got sum of money weighted oodles is 3. 26 which is highest score and Hershey is the third scores, less than Nestle and Cadbury. The CPM indicates that Hershey is the sinewyest in scathe of Product Quality and Advertising ampMarketing. This means if Hershey is to be competitive, it has to focus on gl obal expansion and market share. The External Factor Evaluation (IFE) MatrixKEY ingrained FACTOR WEIGHT RATING WEIGHTED mug OPPORTUNITIES Organic foods products are one of the fastest growing sectors in the United States 0. 1 4 0. 4 seasonal diddleer sales account for 10 percent of the annual sales in the industry 0. 05 3 0. 15 Nestles image has suffered from farms that employed children in Africa 0. 04 4 0. 16 Consumers are increasingly aware of the nutritional value of various product 0. 07 3 0. 21 Confectionery products projected global market value of $107. 4 billion by 2010 0. 09 4 0. 36 Chocolate currently accounts for 55. percent of the markets overall global value 0. 08 4 0. 32 Sub-total for Opportunities 1. 00 1. 60 THREAT WEIGHT RATING WEIGHTED SCORE Mergers and acquisitions have influenced both the both the market share and product portfolio of global firms 0. 01 3 0. 3 Nestle expanded nutritional product 0. 08 2 0. 16 Nestle entered the organic products segment 0. 0 8 2 0. 16 Cadbury manufactures a line of products with no artificial colors or artificial flavorings 0. 07 3 0. 21 Cadbury has a 71 percent market share in India, and enjoys a 53 percent market share in chocolate category inAustralia 0. 06 2 0. 12 Mars Nutrition and Health Well Being has developed a line of low-fat products and healthy snacks 0. 07 4 0. 28 International wholesale sugar prices may reach 40 cents a pound 0. 06 4 0. 24 Cocoa future contract prices in 2008 ranged from $0. 86 to $1. 50 per pound 0. 05 4 0. 20 Sub-total for Threats 1. 00 1. 67 Total 1. 00 3. 27 The EFE ground substance reveals that score for Opportunities versus score for Threats. Hersheys total weighted scores is more than average which is at 3. 27.This indicates that Hershey is responding strongly above average to the existing opportunities and threats. In other words, the companys current strategies are able to larn advantage of the existing opportunities and minimize the sozzledial effects of ext ernal threats. E. infixed Audit Strengths 1. The Hershey and Godrej venture forget distribute Hershey products via Godrejs distribution network to over 1. 6 jillion outlets in India. 2. Advertising expenses for the quarter increased by 46 percent as the company continued to promote iconic brands such as the Hershey Kiss and Reeses products. 3.The company relies on special promotions to increase holiday sales, and it also uses advertising programs to supplement seasonal sales. 4. During the past several years, the company has expanded its global presence through a transformation of acquisitions and joint ventures with established firms in the international market. 5. Hershey also has special editions products that are themed with events, such as their Dark Knight Collection (milk chocolate insignificant butter bats) created for the release of the movie Dark Knight. The company also advances customers to individualize messages and gifts via its interactive home page. . Due to i ncreased consumer preferences for healthy and organic products, the company portfolio of healthy snacks has expanded to include Payday Pro faculty bars and sugar-free products such as Twizzlers. 7. Hershey, as well as other competitors in the industry, is getting nonchocolate products as well as nutritional products to complement its existing products. 8. Hershey products are sold to more than 2 million retail outlets, including wholesale distributors, mountain chain grocery stores, convenience stores, and wholesale clubs as well as natural food stores. 9.Direct research on consumer preferences as well as turn innovations are support via the Hershey Center of Health and Nutrition developed in 2007. 10. Operating increase gross profit margin 14%(2008) 15%(2009) Weaknesses 1. The company also plans to close their online gift business, which featured seasonal products and gifts that could be change by the consumer. 2. Due to global supply initiatives, the company projects a redu ction of 1,500 inclines over the next three-year period. 3. The company plans to discontinue their Cacao Reserve brand as well as their Starbucks chocolate compact. 4.Hersheys iconic brands such as Hershey Bar, Hershey Kisses, and Reeses are instantly acknowledge within the home(prenominal) market. 5. The companys long-term debt increased from $1,279,965 in20O7 to 1,505,954 in 2008. The Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) Matrix KEY INTERNAL FACTOR WEIGHT RATING WEIGHTED SCORE STRENGTHS The company will distribute Hershey products via Godrejs distribution network in India 0. 06 3 0. 18 Advertising expenses for promote iconic brands 0. 09 4 0. 36 The company relies on special promotions 0. 07 3 0. 21 The company has expanded its global presence 0. 8 3 0. 24 Hershey has special editions products that are themed with events 0. 06 2 0. 12 The company portfolio of healthy snacks has expanded to include Payday Pro energy bars and sugar-free products 0. 08 4 0. 32 Acquiring nonchocolate and nutritional products 0. 09 4 0. 36 Hershey products are sold to more than 2 million retail outlets 0. 07 3 0. 21 Direct research on consumer preferences and process innovations are supported by the Hershey Center of Health and Nutrition developed 0. 06 3 0. 18 Operating Profit delimitation 14% (2008) 15% (2009) 0. 6 3 0. 18 Sub-total for capacitys 1. 00 2. 36 WEAKNESSES WEIGHT RATING WEIGHTED SCORE The company plans to close their online gift business 0. 06 2 0. 12 The company projects a reduction of 1,500 coifs over the next three years 0. 05 2 0. 12 The company plans to discontinue Cacao Reserve brand Starbucks chocolate partnership 0. 06 3 0. 18 Hersheys iconic brands are instantly recognized within the domestic market. 0. 06 3 0. 18 The companys long-term debt increased 0. 05 2 0. 10 Sub-total for weaknesses 1. 00 0. 68 Total 1. 00 3. 4 ground on the IFE paygrade shows that score for Strengths versus score for Weaknesses. Total weighted scores for Hershey is 3. 04 c onsidered as above average which is indicates that the companys internal position is strong. Financial Ratio Analysis (2008) proceeds Rates % (5-Year yearly Avg. ) rudiment Company sales 16. 22% Net Income (5-Year Annual Avg. ) 45. 81% Dividends (5-Year Annual Avg. ) 41. 27% Profit Margins Gross Margin 34% Pre-Tax Margin 11% Net Profit Margin 6% 5Yr Net Profit Margin (5-Year Avg. ) 8. 97% Financial Condition Debt/ candour Ratio 10. 42 circulating(prenominal) Ratio 1. 06 Quick Ratio 0. 59 Investment Returns % Return On Equity 98% Return On summations 9% Return On Equity (5-Year Avg. ) 62. 95% Return On pluss (5-Year Avg. ) 10. 72% Management force Income/Employee 24. 33 Revenue/Employee 400. 99 gillyflower Turnover 8. 66 Asset Turnover 1. 41 NET WORTH ANALYSIS OF AVP (2008 IN MILLION) product proportionalitys Growth rate = (current year base year) / base year * 100 voice 2009 Growth rate in sales 3. 23 2008 3. 76 2007 0. 5 200 8 Growth rate in net income 45. 41 Stockholders Equity + thanks adult $ 872,876 Net Income * 5 $ 1,557,025 Share price * Net Income 34. 74 * 311,405 = 10,818,210 numeral of Shares Outstanding * Share Price 227,035 * 34. 74 = 7,887,196 Method Average 5,283,826. 70 FINANCIAL ANALYSIS The financial analysis for Hershey will be provided giving by liquidity ratios, leverage ratios, activity ratios, and profitability ratios as following. gainfulness RATIOS From an accounting standpoint, profitability is defined as business gain in an activity.The measures used in this percentage detail how profitable the firms operations are and how well the firm provides a remember on capital. The ratios for profitability analysis are retrogress on pluss, sales margin, apply on uprightness, and the dividend tolerateout ratio. Return on Assets Return on additions (ROA) measures a companys cogency in generating profits from its available assets. This is calculated by dividing net incom e by total assets. An increasing ratio indicates higher efficiency. Hersheys ROA improved from 5% in 2007 to 9% in 2008 indicating that Hershey became more economical over the 2008 fiscal year.Return on Equity The return on paleness (ROE) is a measure of how well a company is able to return a profit using the shareholders investment. It is calculated by dividing net income by the shareholders equity. A higher fare indicates a better return from shareholders investments. Hersheys return on equity improved from 36% in 2007 to 98% in 2008, indicating a higher efficiency and better return from shareholders investment. Improvements were state between 2007 and 2008 for Hersheys ROA, ROE, Gross Profit Margin, Operating Profit Margin, Net Profit Margin and Earning Per Share were increased proportionally.LIQUIDITY RATIOS A companys liquidity can be described by how tardily a company can pay off short-term debts, in specific those due in the fiscal year. Current Ratio The current ratio g ives a strong measure of a companys liquidity. It compares the cash and cash equivalents plus any current assets that will be turned into cash within a year to current liabilities that must(prenominal) be paid within the year. This ratio indicates how well a company can pay its current debts. It is calculated by dividing current assets by current liabilities. Hersheys current ratio improved from 0. 8 in 2007 to 1. 06 in 2008. Although this is an improvement, a ratio of 1 or better is desired in aver to show the ability to pay of all current debts with current assets. Quick Ratio The quick ratio is similar to the current ratio. Instead of using all current assets, the quick ratio just now uses cash, market securities, and accounts receivables to compare against current liabilities. This is done to further narrow the assets to those that can more quickly be turn into cash. Hersheys quick ratio improved from 0. 51 to 0. 59.Although an improvement can be seen, a more desirable ratio would be closer to 1 so that debts could be paid with current cash and cash equivalents. All measures of liquidity showed improvements for Hershey between 2007 and 2008. This is more often than not due to Hersheys ability to generate a great amount of operational cash flows between the two years. The improvement in current ratio and quick ratio shows an improved ability to pay off short term debts with current assets, which is also indicative that future payments of the long term debt will be possible. ACTIVITY RATIOSActivity in a firm is typically categorized as creation of product and despicable product out the door for sales. Activity measures focus on these actions and prise how a firm uses its assets to generate revenues. If a company is able to habituate its assets efficiently, fewer funds from financing are needed. The ratios analyzed in this section are roll turnover and asset turnover. Asset Turnover Asset turnover takes an overall focus on how the company uses all of its assets to generate revenues. A higher figure of speech is desired because it indicates that each dollar of asset is producing a greater amount of revenue.It is calculated by dividing the companys revenue by the total amount of assets for the current year. Hersheys asset turnover ratio improved from 1. 16 in 2007 to 1. 41 in 2008. This shows that Hersheys was more efficient in using its assets between evaluation periods. Inventory Turnover Inventory turnover is a measure of how often within a year that inventory is sold and replaced. It is calculated by dividing cost of goods sold by inventory. A high ratio indicates efficiency and a high rate of sales. Hersheys inventory turnover slimly improved from 8. 24 in 2007 to 8. 6 in 2008. Improvements were seen in inventory and asset turnover ratios. Hersheys assets decreased in value while revenues increased, resulting in a more efficient use of assets. LEVERAGE RATIOS A companys leverage defines how a company handles its debt. Co mpanies that have a high leverage can have difficulty paying moxie debts, securing new debts from creditors, and are usually higher risk. But, these companies can also grasp tax advantages and gain large returns from investing. The ratios analyzed in this section include the debt ratio, debt to equity ratio and imes invade earned ratio. Debt Ratio The debt ratio indicates how much debt a company has relative to its assets. This ratio is calculated by dividing total liabilities by total assets. This ratio is one of the components typically used by investors to determine the risk level of a company. A lower number is favored because it shows the company has a larger percentage of assets when compared to liabilities. Hersheys debt ratio increased and deteriorated from 0. 762 in 2005 to 0. 836 in 2006. This is due to a decrease in company assets while liabilities increased.The increase in liabilities can be noted most in the long-term liabilities. This adds risk to Hersheys from an i nvestment standpoint. Debt to Equity Ratio The debt to equity ratio is a measure of what proportions of debt and equity are used in its financing. It is also a measure of a companys financial leverage. The ratio is calculated by dividing total liabilities by stockholders equity. A lower number is favored because it indicates a higher amount of shareholders equity when compared to liabilities. Hersheys debt to equity ratio increased and deteriorated from 6. 16 in 2007 to 10. 2 in 2008. This is largely a result in Hersheys large decrease in shareholders equity. Times Interest Earned Ratio The time interest earned ratio gives shows how well a company is able to pay its interest expenses with mesh before taxes. The number represents how many multiplication over the interest expense can be paid with the earnings before interest. A higher number is favored. The ratio is calculated by dividing earning before interest and taxes (EBIT) by net interest expense. The times interest earned rat io for Hersheys increase from 3. 87 in 2007 to 6. 03 in 2008.Hershey achieved many improvements in their financial ratios. Between 2005 and 2006, Hershey showed improvements in many areas. Their overall profitability improved. Liquidity also improved in all areas. This can be attributed to their ability to generate a greater amount of operational cash flows. Because of their increased liquidity, Hershey shows that they are in a better position to pay off their debts and is able to distribute their earnings to stockholders more readily. G. stead Matrix 2. 44, -1. 06 2. 44, -1. 06 6 5 4 3 2 1 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 CompetitiveIS ES CA FS buttoned-up Aggressive Defensive X 6 5 4 3 2 1 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 Competitive IS ES CA FS Conservative Aggressive Defensive X Financial Position (FP) Return on Investment ROE, ROA+4 Leverage+2 Earning Per Share+5 Inventory+3 Liquidity+4 Subtotal (FP) +18 Industry Position (IP) Growth potential+6 Extent leverage+5 Profit potent+5 Productivity+4 Subtotal (IP) +20 Competitive Position (CP) Market share -5 Product quality -1 Control over suppliers and distributers-2 Subtotal (CP) -8 Stability Position (SP) Barriers to entry into market-4Demand variability-6 Competitive pressure-6 Subtotal (SP) -14 x-axis = -2. 66 + 5= 2. 44 y-axis = -4. 66+ 3. 6= -1. 06 Based on this formula, it shows that The Hershey company x-axis is 2. 44 and y-axis is -1. 06. Therefore firms directional vector is located in the lower-right or competitive quadrant of the SPACE Matrix. In other word, The company has competitive advantages in a growing industry, The Hershey should pursue competitive strategies which include backward, forward and horizontal desegregation market penetration market development and product evelopment. H. Grand dodge Matrix Quadrant IV business have a strong competitive position but are in a slow-growth industry. Hershey has the strength to launch diversified into more promising growth area such as India and China. The company also has characteristically high cash-flow levels and limited internal growth need as the result of 86% market share in the States. I. Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Matrix BCG is a private management consulting firm base in Boston. The purpose of BCG Matrix is graphically shows the companys position in terms of relative market share and industry growth.Hershey is in the Star quadrant because Hershey is leading in terms of market share in America and the growth rate sale is higher than zero for several years. As the result, the Star quadrant indicates that Hershey has good long-run opportunities for growth and profitability. To maintain this position Hershey need a secure investment especially in global market and to strengthen its preponderant position. Strategies that is best for Hershey includes market penetration, market development, product development, and forward, backward and horizontal integration. J.The Internal-External (I E) Matrix The IFE Total Weighted Score Strong Average Weak 3. 0 to 4. 0 2. 0 to 2. 99 1. 0 to 1. 99 High IFE = 3. 04 IFE = 3. 04 I II III EFE = 3. 27 EFE = 3. 27 3. 0 to 3. 99 median(a) IV V VI The EFE Total Weighted Score 2. 0 to 2. 99 Low VII VIII IX 1. 0 to 1. 99 Key Grow and build Hold and maintain Harvest or diverstitureThe Internal External (IE) Matrix The IE matrix is based on two key dimensions such as the IFE total weighted score and the EFE total weighted score. The total weighted scores allow face of the corporate-level IE Matrix. The result from IE Matrix states that Hershey Company is appropriate for partitioning 1 or can be described as grow and build. The most appropriate strategies for this division can be intensive market penetration, market development, and product development or company can also consider intensive backward integration, forward integration and horizontal integration.Based on the interpret ation, suggest two best preferences that the company could pursuit, then perform QSPM matrix. K. QSPM strategical Alternatives Key Internal Factors Weight Alternative 1 Global Expansion Alternative 2 Develop Organic Products Strengths AS TAS AS TAS 1. share Hershey products via Godrejs distribution network in India 0. 06 4 0. 24 2 0. 18 2. Advertising expenses for promote iconic brands. 0. 09 4 0. 36 3 0. 27 3. Relies on special promotions 0. 07 3 0. 21 2 0. 14 4.The company has expanded its global presence. 0. 08 4 0. 32 2 0. 12 5. Hershey has special editions product that are themed with events. 0. 06 - - - - 6. The company portfolio of healthy snacks has expanded 0. 08 2 0. 16 4 0. 32 7. Acquiring non-chocolate and nutritional products 0. 09 2 0. 18 4 0. 36 8. Products are sold to more than 2 million retail outlets. 0. 07 - - - - 9. Hershey Centre of Health supported research on consumer preferences and process innovations. 0. 06 2 0. 12 3 0. 18 10. Operating profit Marg in 14% (2008) 15% (2009) 0. 6 - - - - Weaknesses 1. Plans to close online gift business. 0. 06 3 0. 18 1 0. 06 2. The company projects a reduction of 1,500 positions. 0. 05 2 0. 10 1 0. 05 3. Plans to discontinue Cocao Reserve brand Starbucks chocolate partnership. 0. 06 3 0. 18 1 0. 06 4. Hersheys iconic brands are instantly recognized within the domestic market 0. 06 - - - - 5. The companys long-term debt increased 0. 05 - - - - SUBTOTAL 1. 00 2. 05 1. 74 Global Expansion Develop Organic Products Opportunities AS TAS AS TAS 1.Organic foods products are the fastest growing sectors. 0. 10 1 0. 10 4 0. 40 2. Seasonal sales account for 10% 0. 05 - - - - 3. Nestles image has suffered. 0. 04 3 0. 12 2 0. 08 4. Consumers are increasingly aware of the nutritional value. 0. 07 3 0. 21 4 0. 28 5. Confectionery products projected global market value of $107. 4 billion by 2010 0. 09 3 0. 27 2 0. 18 6. Chocolate currently accounts for 55. 8% of the markets overall global value. 0. 0 8 - - - - Threats 1. Mergers and acquisitions have influenced both the market share. 0. 01 4 0. 04 2 0. 02 2. Nestle expanded nutritional product. 0. 08 3 0. 24 4 0. 32 3. Nestle entered the organic product segment. 0. 08 3 0. 24 4 0. 32 4. Cadbury manufactures a line of products with no artificial colors or flavorings 0. 07 1 0. 07 2 0. 14 5. Cadbury has a 71% market share in India, and 53% Australia. 0. 06 3 0. 18 2 0. 12 6. Mars Nutrition and Health Well being has developed low-fat and healthy snacks 0. 07 2 0. 14 3 0. 21 7. International wholesale sugar prices may reach 40 cent a pound 0. 06 - - - - 8.Cocoa future contract prices in 2008 ranged from $ 0. 86 to $1. 50 per pound 0. 05 - - - - SUBTOTAL 1. 57 2. 07 SUM TOTAL ATTRACTIVENESS SCORE 3. 66 3. 81 As the result of QSPM, we consider two alternative strategies As followinga) Global expansion b) Develop organic products The sum total attractive scores are 3. 66 and 3. 87. The analysis indicates that Hershey should de velop organic products. L. Recommendations From the evaluations of the companys conditions, performance, and the analysis provided from SWOT matrix, IFE-EFE matrix, and Grand strategy matrix.We recommend three specific strategies as following 1) Expand to global market Hershey has recently market share 86% in America and it is well known in America as the chocolate manufacturing business since 1906. On the other hand, In the global market, Hershey is the third rang next to Nestle and Cadbery. Hershey needs to continue to focus on the global market. Hershey currently has a limited presence in many areas of the world. However, compare to the actual plan strategies of the company, they have begun to expand into new areas such as China and India. We are suggesting the new organization structure to Hershey Food Corporation.In this structure, we have suggested continental president, which will help to complete globally or to increase the market share globally because they will have the ex perience of the particular continents and they will work according to market conditions. The Hershey Company needs to go international advertizing to promote the product as well as they have to find out the new bring of distribution and adopt the new channels to increase the sales. For the cost of expand to global market, the company must pass away more in terms of marketing that amount is indicated in the projected income statement. ) Continue chocolate partnership with cocoa store, and online gift business Hershey should continue to provide new chocolate flavored coffee product in supermarkets and coffee stores. This allows Hershey to market to new segment, more consumers , and participate in new trends. Besides, Hershey should continue online gift business to get the new channel to increase the sales as well as to provide the seasonal products and the gifts that could be personalized by the consumer. 3) Develop organic product People have acquire much more aware of the variou s factors that negatively affect their health.Chocolate and other candy are viewed as an unhealthy snack. Organic food products are one of the fastest growing sectors. Therefore, Hershey needs to continue to expand the market healthy products in order to gain a greater market share. If Hershey continues to market the products they already have in categories and continues to develop new products that mention the healthy to the public, then their revenues will increase throughout the years as the projected income statement as following. Projected financial statementsProjected The Hershey company Statements of Income In thousands of dollars except For the year ended December 31 2008 2009 2010 2011 Net Sales 5,132,768 5,298,668 5,671,009 6,238,110 Costs and Expenses Cost of sales 3,375,050 3,245,531 3,255,801 3,402,798 Selling, marketing and administrative 1,073,019 1,208,672 1,426,477 1,511,119 Business realignment and 94,801 82,87 5 83,433 90,080 blemish charges, net Total costs and expenses 4,542,870 4,537,078 4,765,711 5,003,997 Income before Interest and Income Taxes 589,898 761,590 905,298 1,234,113 Interest expenses, net 97,876 90,459 96,434 111,070 Income before Income Taxes 492,022 671,131 808,864 1,123,043 Provision for income taxes 180,617 235,137 299,065 393,065 Net Income 311,405 435,994 509,799 729,978 Projected The Hershey Companys Balance Sheet all numbers in thousands) Period Ending 2008 2009 2010 2011 Total Asset 3,634,719 3,675,031 4,272,732 4,913,642 brusk term debt 501,504 39,313 285,480 157,014 Long term debt 1,505,945 1,502,730 1,541,825 1,418,479 Stockholders Equity 318,199 760,339 937,601 1,021,985 M. Evaluation of the recommendations based on Islamic perspective Islamic perspective As we know, Hershey produces good quality of chocolate and Chocolate is made from plants, which means it contains many of the health be nefits of sad chocolate.These benefits are from flavonoids , which act as antioxidants. Moreover, the other benefit that we are able to gain from chocolate such as write down Blood Pressure, Lower Cholesterol, endorphin production and so on. Allah orders us to consume good thing and try to avoid the meal that it will damage our bodies. As Allah said Messengers eat of the good things and do good surely i know what you do Chapter 23 , Verse 51 eat of the lawful and good things with which allah has provided you and be thankful for the favors of allah if it is he you worship Chapter 16 , Verse 114 Moreover, Hershey produce halal product to consumer. The ingredients that are utilized to produce chocolate are not the ingredient that Allah forbidden as said in record. He has only forbidden you what dies of itself and blood and flesh of swine and that over which any other break than that of Allah has been invoked, but whoever is driven to nec essity, not desiring nor exceeding the limit, then surely Allah is forgiving, charitable Chapter 16 , Verse 115 Hershey also has policy to maintain and concern about environment. It was one of the companies who are in World cocoa fanny which support environmental project. This project includes non-chemical pest management practice and encourage sustainable farming practice to support ecosystem in the region.Allah does not whap people who harm environment as said in Quran ? Seek not mischief in the land, for Allah loves not those who do mischief. (Quran 2877) According to scientists and philosophers, man is considered as the major factor in impress the natural balance of the universe. Man interferes intentionally or unintentionally in the earths ecosystems by impairing its perfect order and precise sequence. However, it seems that man has cut off his nose to spite his face and he now is the victim. Grave dangers are anifested in pollution of the air, water, soil, outer space and others, as well as the irrational exploitation of the environments resources, and inconsistent distribution of human settlements. All these factors have lead to different problems, all of which are marked by a disturbance to the earths natural balance. If companies or industries exploit or use up natural materials and environment, all damage will revert back to them. As promised Quran. Mischief has appeared on the land and sea, because of (the need) that the hands of man have earned, that (Allah) may give them a taste of some of their deeds in order that they may turn back (from evil). (Quran 3041) REFFERENCES About Hershey. Retrieved on 02/02/12. From http//www. thehersheycompany. com/about-hershey. aspx Chocolate is good for you. Chocolate Trading Co. July 13th, 2005 November 1st, 2007. Financial Report. Retrieved on 02/02/12. From http//www. thehersheycompany. com/ investors/financial-reports. aspx. Fred R. David, Strategic Management Concept and Cases, Hershey Company2009 13th Edn.Page 111-119. Pearson Education, 2011 Halal and Haram Foods according to Quran. Retrieved on 02/02/12. From http//www. parsquran. com/eng/ compositors case/halal. htm Karem S. Ghoneim (Prof. ), Quran Recitations The Quran and the Environment . Retrieved on 02/02/12. From http//www. whyquran. com/877/content/blogsection/0/98/9/18/ Mark Stibich, Health Benefits ofChocolate. Retrieved on 02/02/12. From http//longevity. about. com/od/lifelongnutrition/p/chocolate. htm Organizations key Competitors. Retrieved on 02/02/12. From www. foodproductiondaily-usa. com